Oil burner



C. F. WADSWORTH oIL BURNER Fild April 18. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l April2s, 1925.

C. F. WADSWORTH OIL BUNER Filed April 18. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PatentedApre. Ztl, 19225,

Noriranv sra al 'r pe n m4! had' Il'. lll.

OIL BURNER.

.application filed April 18, 1923. ySerial No. 632,30*?.

To all w71 om t inf/2j concern Be it known that l7 (li-rennes F. WADS-won'ri-I, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident ol: Chicago, inthe county o't @ooh and State ot lllinois, have invented certain new anduseful, Improvements in Oil Burns, oit which the following; is adescription, ret'erencebeing` had to the accompanying` drawings, whichYtorni a part of my specilication. i y

My invention relates to a burner adapted to the useot furnace oil orkerosene as a" fuel: the burner being?,4 more especially intended forheating purposes; the invention haviiip,l tor its object the `provisionot a construction whereby steam and air will be commingled with theoil`and the mixture preheated in its flow to the burner proper andcarbonization `thereby practically elimi nated. y l

A, further object -o'i the invention is to provide a portable burnerunit provided with agenerating portionfwhereby a constant steam supplyiseprovided whileth'e burner is in operation; the frenerated steam beingconveyed to a mixing;l chamber or conduit and so discharged therein asto entrain the oil and air therewith, cause the oil to be sprayed orfinely dividedin the conduit and a thorough admixture of said elements.induced during tlow to the burner proper; the mixing); chamber' orconduit being; ar-

ranged to be preheated bythe flame of the burner proper.

A further object ot my invention is to provide means 'tor automaticallycontrolling the water supply in the steam generating portion oft theburner in order to maintain and permit oit the constant generationotsteam while the burner is in operation and at the same .time todiscontinue the inflow ot water into the generator portion whenoperation oit the burner-"is discontinued; that is to say, the wateradmitted is in lreeping` with the steam generated and used.

The above enumerated objects with the advanta. es .inherent in theconstruction will all be more readily comprehended 'trom the' detailed Idescription of the accompanyinpdrawinga wherein z*` l i Figure l is apartial sectional view of the tire-pot ot a furnace with my improved`burner or oil burning unit shown in elevationon the irratofbars of thefurnace.

VFigure 2 is a top plan vievv of my improved buruer removed from thefurnace.-

tion therew'th, in any suitable nimmer Figure 3 is a sectional. viewtaken on the line 8-3 ot Figure Q looking in the direc tion ot. thearrows.

ligrure d is a detail sectional view of the inlet end oit the mining`conduit.

Figure 5 is detail sectional view ot the burner proper and supportingplate with overtlow conduit` My improved burnen as previously stated, isespecially intendediior installation in any suitable .lien/tino,`urnacej a` portion ot the walls whereo't are shown at l5. rlhe burner isintended to be placed on the girate-bars shown 16, `thus adapting" theburner to 'furnaces oit heating sfr/tems at present in use. 'lhe burnerunit comprises a suitable plate i7, preferably circular as shown7 and otdiameter somewhat less than the inside diai'neter ot the lire-pot ot thefurnace so as to lee le a circrunterential space about the perimeter ofthe plate tor the passage of the hot rases and pe saine to contact withthe sido walls and water chamber oit tl turner; in order that thewatermay bo properly heated or stea: tedpdep l. Y upon the nature c the hetina' system in which my burner unit installed.

The plate i7 1 intenda1 to be suitaliily supported on the grate-bars.,in spaced rela- `as for example by the bracliets or stanca(` 18; theplate, preferably to c center, being' tou-ned to` receive' a 'steamgeneratorindicated at i9. The plate 17 is preferably slightly (lished tocause any uuconsumed or improperly discharged oil to flow toward anovertloiv conduit F20 which may-entend tothe tnrnace exterior and dischaipgeinto any suitable receptacle.

The plate 17 is 'prcterah-ly provided with a suitable opening to receivethe bottom 2l ol the steam generator 19; the bottom Q1 being formed toentend flush with the bottoni oiE the plate 17 as shown in Figure 3;being` shouldered as at in order to maintain its position and preferably`secured in place against accidental removal by a suitable irumber ol'set-screws or bolts 23 threaded through lugs 24C formed integral withplate 17 and engaging; the upstanding 'Flange portion of the bottom 2lio't the vessel 19. The vessel or generator 19 is preferably made withthe side walls screwed into the flange portion ot the bottoni 2l asshown in Figure 3 and the side walls arealso lprovided vvith a dome ortop 25 which may like S fi lOU

llo

tloat ineniber secured to the end of rod` 2S) `ivhieh is preferablygriven the angular formation shown so as to have the portion 29 thereollnormally entend beneath the pivot point 30 ivhere the arm or rod 29 issecured to bracket 3l secured on the bottom 2l of the vessel. rthe endot the arm or rod Q9 has pivotal ronnection With the tapered niengiberor nredle-valve 27 -which controls the intloiv ot n' ter. The valve 27is tapered and preferably ol such length that it will at all times beproperly positioned in the end of the conduit 26 even when the float hasdropped dovfn into its extreme lowered position, namely with the bend 29oit the rod in Contact with the bottom 2l of the vessel. rllhat is tosay, the dista-nee between the bend 29a ot the rod and the bottom of thevessel is preferably slightly less than the length ot valve 2T in orderthat the latter may at no time be enn tirely Withdrawn trom the end ofthe conduit Q) and theretore constantly ensures a proper seating ofvalve 27 When float Q8 is a-.ejain elerated through the inflow ofisu'flicient Water. The relation between the float member QS and thevalve 27 is such that the inflow oit water Will be completely shut ottafter a predetermined supply of Water has entered the chamber t9 so asto at all times proride a steam space in the upper part of the vessel19.

The top ot the vessel is shown provided with a conduit havin;` asuitable valve at 33: vfhile the end oi the conduit 3o is arranged at apoint in proximity to the plate 17 and terminates in a horizontallydisposed nozzle rllhe nozzle 34. extends slightly into the end ot. aconduit which is preferably disposed on the plate l? in a more or lesscirouitous manner as shown in Figure. 2. With its end extended throughan opening, preferably at the center oit the plate lla Where it isprovided with a suitable burner 36 secured imn'iediately beneath plate1T; the burner SG being preferably of cup formation shown With asuitable number of perfor-ations in the side Walls thereof', as shown inFigure-s 3 and 5.

The inlet end ot' lconduit 35, is also provided ivith a nozzle 3?disposed preferably substantially at right angles to nozzle 34; thenozzle 37 being suitably connected to conduit 38 which leads Lt'rom asuitable oil supply, not shown, and arranged to permit the oil to vllo-wby `gravity to nozzle 37.

rthe oil pipe 3S is, ot course, provided with a suitable valve in orderto control the quantity of oil issuing' Yfrom nozzle 37. The oilissuing' Ytrom the nozzle 537, through the action ot the small. jet otsteam issuing 'troni nozzle 341i and passing; across the tip ot nozzleWill be broken up into a line sp1-a)v and entrain/ed with the steam inits passage through conduit rlllhe inlet end ot' conduit 35 ispreferably open so that air maj; also enter the conduit to he commiugledwith the admixture otsteam and oil g the entrain ment or the air andthorough comiiiiirgliiir;` ot oil, steam and air beine' induced by therestricted or Venturi portion 39 shown in Figures 3 and il and arrangedat the tips o't the nozzles 34 and 37. lli/lith this construction.v itis apparent that a thorough eonnningrling oi the oil, steam and air isinduced; the oil being :itemized or sprayed into the conduit and theadmixture et oil, steam and air caused to tioiv' through conduit 35Which is arranged on top ot the heated plate l?, With the result. thatsaid mixture will be preheated in its passage to the burner 36 and arich combustible miriture provided, which, howe will not carbonize.

As is apparent 'from the construction shown7 a portion of the flame ofthe burner will normally pass beneath the bottom 2l of the generator 19and therefore cause a generation ot steam as long` as the burner is inoperation. 1n order to control the rapidity oitA steam generatioin 1prefer to proviee a batlle member 40, in the nature ot a verticallydisposed plate ot proper Width pivotally secured at the point tl to theunder side ot the plate 17 so as to permit the battle member or plate toswing laterally to- Ward and away from burner 36; the baille plate 4l()being' provided vvith an extension 42 adapted 'to bear against thebottom of' the plate 17 so as to somewhat relieve the pivot point il otthe Weight of the baille member and permit it to be easily manipulated;the end i2 being preferably arranged at a slight angle to the mainportion, as shown in Figure 2, in order that the baille member or platel0 may be swungl into either of its eXtreme positions and still permit'l he extension ft2 to be so disposed Where it may be readily accessiblethrouejh the clinker door or opening` ot the furnace. As is apparentfrom the construction shown in Fi gure 2, the extent to Which the `flamefrom the burner may play beneath the bottom 2l oit the generator can bereadily controlled by the positioning ot the baille plate 40. In FigureZ the baille plate is shown positioned to permit approximatelythree-fourths ot' the generator bottom to be exposed to the nv un,

y flame. @n vthe other hand, the baille member may be swung,1 to uirdthe burner 36 so that `none of the generator bottom will be subjected tothe flame; such positioning occurring when it is found that more steambeing` generated than is required, namely during mild weather conditionswhen a lesserI amount of heat is required.

The generator 19 is shown provided with a suitable water glass 43 inorder that the water level in the generator may be observed and the topof the ,Qenerator is also preferably provided with a `pressure gauge at44and with a blow-ofi cock or valve in theevent of steam generation inexcess of the required pressure.

The steam space of the generator 19 is also-provided with an outlet line46 provided with a suitable valve 47; the line 46 leading downwardly toa point preferably immediately beneath ,burner where the steam line isprovided with a suitable swirling spray nozzle 48 whereby a circularspray of steam is caused to be discharged beneath burner '36 with more or less force in a radial direction, increasing the flow of the gaseousmixture and causing more oxygen to mingle with the products andtherefore enhancing combustion, when a greater amount ot` heat isdesired, namely duringl extreme lowtemperature conditions.

The oil `supply line 38`v as previously stated, leads-from a suitablevelevated oil supply and is provided with suitable valve as at 49 whichmay be provided with a lever to be operated `by the thermostat ortemperature control mechanism usually located i on hot water or `steamfurnaces; the valve 49 being` connected with the thermo-control lever orelement by a link connection, a portion whereof is shown at 5()` inFigure 2, so that the flow of oil through nozzle 37 .may be controlledor regulated by the temperature-control mechanism of the furnace and theamount of gaseous mixture for the burner 56 automatically decreased orincreased as the Itemperature eonditionsofthe furnace `reachpredetermined degrees.

To tale care of the possibilityy of oil discharge when the burner is notin operation, I prefer to slightly dish the hea-ting' pla-te 1i' andprovide it with the overflow outlet and conduit 20 as previously stated,which conduit may lead to the furnace exterior and' discharge into anysuitable receptacle. i

The generator 19, adjacent the bottom, may be provided with a suitable`drain or draw-olf cock as at 51 in Figure 1 to permit a cleaning of thesteam generator when desired.

ln the operation of my improved burner,

the steam generator 19 isinitially heated iny any suitable manner forexample bythe employment of a, small alcohol lamp `or burner as at 52,which may be removably mounted beneath the generator or pivotallysecured in place so as to be swung` out of the path of thebafile member49 'when not in use.

'lhe zgenerator 19 of dimensions adapted to merely hold a comparativelysmall quantity of water and is of such construction as to permitcomparatively quicl; flashing' or generation of steam. During` theinitial heat-infr of the generator, it will be understood that the valve49 of supply line 3S' and valve 3S of steam line 32, as well as thevalve 4i' of steam. line 46 are all shut olf until a suflicient amountof steam has been generated in vessel 19, at which time valve 38 ofsteam line 32 is opened to the desired extent so that steam may issuefrom nozzle 34 into conduit 35. Valve 49 of the oil. supplyline 38 isthen opened, allowing oil to issue through nozzle 37. The oil is sprayedinto conduit by the action of the jet of steam and the action of theventuri arranged in conduit'l, whereby air is also `made to flow intoand forcibly pass about the nozzles, thereby inducingn a` thoroughmixing of the sprayed oil steam and air. The mixture issuing from burner36 may then. be ignited, which causes the plate 17 to be heated andtherefore also preheats the gaseous mixturel flowing` through themixingl chamber or conduit It is evident that as the water in `generator19 is generated into steam, thereby depleting' the water supply', floatmember Q8 will recede and correspondingly open valve E27 to allow innflow of water in keeping` with the amount `of vaporization or steamwithdrawal and as a result a continuous automatically operating,I burneris provided, adapted to operate as long as the oil supply 1s maintained.On

, the other hand, the flow of water into gem erator 19 will beautomatically closed off as soonas a predetermined quantity of water hasentered the generator; while the pressure in the generator may becontrolled bj; the blow-of cock 45 which may be adjusted to operate at apredetermined pressure. During the initial operation of the burner,baflie nrember 40 is swung `toward the front namely in counterelockwisedirection in Figure .2, so as to expose the entire bottoni of generator19 to the naine issuingv from bur-ner In the event lthat generation of:steam is in excess of requirements, the .baiiie member 40 may .then beswung' backward, in clockwise direction in Figure Q, so that only apredetermined portion of the gener,- ator bottom .is exposed to theaction of the Haine.

During exceedingly low temperature conditions, it may be found desirableto en hanee combustion, at which time valve 47 of steam linev 46 may beopened to the desired extent so that steam will issue through swirling'spray nozzle 48 and be caused to mingle with the products.

lilith my improved construction, tendency ot carbonization is eliminatedand an elcment ot satety provided by reason ot the fact that the wateris automatically shut ofi'L in the event of the flame becomingextinguished, at which time no generation steam can take place; while atthe same time any oil that may .issue :trom nozzle 3T would low outthrough the inlet end ot mixing conduit 35 and flow through conduit Q0into a suitable receptacle` l have shown what l believe to be a simpleadaptation ot my invention which has been described in terms employedmerely as terms oi' description and not as terms ot' limitation, asstructural modiications are possible and may be made without, however,departing from the spirit ot' my invention.

lWhat l claim is l. A. device oi the character described, comprising abase plate, a steam generating chamber mounted on said plate, means forautomatically controlling the admission 0l' water to said chamber, amixing conduit arranged on said plate with one end thereof extendingbeneath said plate, a burner secured to said end oit the mixing conduitso as te have the products of combustion heat said plate when the burneris in operation, a conduit leading trom the steam space oi said steamgenerating chamber to the other or inlet end of the mixing conduit,whereby steam is discharged into the other end of said mixing conduit,and an oil supply conduit connected with said mixing conduit in advanceof and atan angle to said steam conduit so as to have the steamdischarge across the discharge end ot the oil conduit vand cause the oilto be sprayed into the mixing conduit, the lastmentioned end ot saidmixing conduit being 'termed to permitair to be entrained with the steamand oil spray.

2. ln a device oi the character described, a base plate, a burnersecured therebeneath so as to heat the plate when the burner is inoperation, a water-holding chamber mounted on said plate to be heated bysaid burner, a mixing conduit arranged on said plate so as to be heatedthereby, said conduit being connected with the burner and arranged tohave air admitted thereto, an oil supply pipe provided with a nozzlecommunicating with the mixing conduit, a conduit connected with thesteam space of said water chamber and terminating in a nozzle at theinner end ot said mixing conduit whereby steam is injected into saidmixing conduit so as to spray the oil into said conduit, and meansadjustably secured beneath said plate to swing transversely beneath thewater holding chamber as a battle to the products orn combustion wherebyheating ot said water holding chamber may be regulated.

3. In a device ot the character described, a base plate adapted to besupported on the grate-bars ot a heating furnace, a steam generatingchamber mounted on said plate, a burner mounted beneath said plate so asto heat said plate and said chan'iber, a mixing conduit arranged on saidplate to be heated thereby and connected with said burner, a conduitleading from the steam space of said steam generating chamber andllaving a :lit-febr nozzle comnninicating with said mixing conduit, andan oil supply pipe provided with a nozzle communicating with the mixingconduit forward of the steam nozzle. so located relative to the flowthrough said mixing conduit, as to have the oil sprayed into said mixingconduit by the discharging steam, the mixing conduit adjacent to saidnozzle being formed to permit air to be entrained with the steam and oilspray and commingle therewith.

In a device ot the character described, a base plate, a burner mountedtherebeneath so as to heat said plate when the burner is in ojjieration,a steam generating chamber mounted on the plate in proximity to saidburner so as to be heated thereby, a horizontally disposed mixingconduit arranged on said base plate and connected with said burner, asteam conduit leading trom the generating chamber, adapted to injectsteam 'into the inlet end of said mixing conduit and to entrain airtherewith, and an oil supply pipe connected with said mixing conduit ata point adjacent to and in advance ot the steam conduit so that theinjected steam will cause the oil issuing from the pipe to be sprayedinto the mixing chamber and to flow toward the burner.

5. ln a device of the character described.l a base plate provided withan opening, a steam' generating chamber mounted in said opening, aburner secured beneath the plate in proximity to the bottom ot saidchamber, a mixing conduit arranged on said plate with one endconnecting` with said burnerI while the other end is provided with aventuri and adapted to permit inflow ot air, a steam pipe leading fromthe steam space ot said steam generating` chamber and terminating in anozzle arranged in the venturi end ot said conduit, an oil supply lineprovided with a nozzle arranged at an angle to and in juxtaposition withthe steam nozzle whereby the oil is divided into a spray by thedischarging steam, and means for controlling the flow of oil.

6. ln a device of the character described, a base-plate, a steamgenerating chamber arranged thereon, means whereby the tlow ot waterinto said chamber is automatically controlled, a burner disposed beneathsaid base-plate, an air receiving conduit disposed lengthwise on saidbase-plate and communicating with said burner, a steam pipe leadllt) j1,535,510 i i 5 Y. A; device ci' the character described,

comprising a base-plate adapted to be supported-on and in spacedrelation with the grate-bars of a iurnace, a steam generating chamber onsaid base-plate, a mixing chamber mounted on said base-plate to beheated thereby, a steam supply pipe and oil supply pipe connected withthe mixing chamber so as to have the steam discharge across the end ofthe oil supply pipe and cause the oil to be sprayed by and mixed withthe steam, a burner disposed beneath the base-plate, and means wherebysteam may be discharged adjacent to said burner.

8. [i device of the character described, comprising a base-plate adapted`to be supported on and in spaced relation with the grate-bars of afurnace, a steam generating chamber on said base-plate, a mining conduiton said base-plate to be heated thereby, a steam supply pipe and an oilsupply pipe discharging into the mining conduit, the oil supply pipedischarging atan angle to and in advance 'ofthe steam pipe so as tocause the oil to be broken into a spray and made to commingle with thesteam, the mixing conduit adjacent 'to` the discharge ends of the steamand oil pipes beingformed to permit inflow of air, a burner connectedwith said mixing conduit and disposed beneath the base-plate, and meanspivotally secured beheath` the base-plate for controlling the spread oftheilame beneath the base-plate.

ifi. ln a device oit the character described, a base-plate, a steamgenerating chamber mounted in said base-plate, a water-supply lineleading to said chamber, means whereby the inflow of water into saidchamber is automatically determined, a steam, oil and air mixing conduitmounted on said baseplate so as to be heated thereby, a burner disposedbeneath the plate and connected with said mixing conduit, means wherebysteam vtrom the generating chamber is conveyed to the mining conduit,means whereby pressure in said generating chamber is maintained below apredetermined degree, and means for conveying oil to said mixingconduit.

l0. ln a device of the character described, a base-plate provided withan opening and an overflow pipe, a steam generating chamber mounted insaid opening, a ioat controlled valved supply pipe connected with saidsteam generating chamber, a circuitous open ended conduit disposed onsaid base plate with one end extending therethrough, a burner secured tosaid last mentioned end beneath the base-piate, the open end beingprovided with a venturi or restrictedthroat, an oil supply pipe and asteam pipe leading from the steam chamber, both pipes communicating withthe open end of said conduit, with the oil pipe discharge end arrangedin advance of and at an angle to the discharge end of the steam pipe soas to have the discharging steam spray the oil into the conduit andinduce in'liow of air` into the conduit, a second steam pipe leadingfrom the steam chamber and terminating in a swirling spray beneath saidburner, and means whereby the oil supply through said pipe may becontrolled.

l1. In a device of the character described, the combination withavbase-plate, a steam generator mounted on said plate with its bottomflush with the bottom of the baseplate, a mixing conduit mounted on thebase* plate with one end disposed therethrough, a burner secured to theconduit and disposed beneath the base-plate adjacent to the bottom ofthe steam generator, a valved oil-supply pipe discharging into saidconduit, a valved steam pipe leading from the generator and discharginginto the conduit rearward of and across the discharge end of the oilsupply pipe so as to break the oil into a lilm or spray, and meanspivotally mounted beneath 'the base-plate :tor directing theburner-flame away from the generator bottom.

CHARLES F. VADSWORTH.

Witnesses Gr. HEIDMAN, F. A. FLORELL.

